Early rice yam and potato intercropping pepper cultivation pattern

We have experimented with promoting the cultivation pattern of early-season yam and yam and intercropped peppers for more than 10 years. The total area has reached more than 100,000 mu, the average annual yield of rice is 505 kg, the average annual yield of yams is 2,912 kg, and the average annual yield of pepper is 803 kg. Practice has proved that The average yield per mu is more than 9810 yuan, which is 4.1 times more than that of the "rice-rice-winter" system. The promotion of this technology won the second class promotion award of Maoming City in 1997 and the third class promotion award of Guangdong Province in 1998. First, the superiority of early rice cultivation mode of interplanting peppers in yam and yam. 1. Take full advantage of the natural resources of time and space, effectively alleviate the contradiction between grain and land, and achieve the purpose of both grain and grain harvest. 2. It is easy to make full use of the growth characteristics of starch accumulation in day and night temperature of yam and potato, and the growth of pepper. 3. The rotation of paddy soils improved the structure of the soil and reduced the occurrence of pests and diseases. 4. Promote the development of rural economy towards specialization and commercialization. Second, the early rice yam and potato intercropping pepper cultivation mode of the main technical measures 1, the election. To use fertile sandy loam, the parent material is better for alluvial sands, drainage and irrigation should be convenient, low-lying flooding fields, high groundwater level fields and rocky fields should not be planted. The groundwater level is under 150 cm. 2, pay close attention to the "early" word. Huaiâ€™s potato was originally a one-year-old crop. After restructuring, it made a variety of early-season rice. Therefore, the seasonal arrangement must pay close attention to the word â€œearlyâ€ so that all three crops have sufficient growth time. Early rice should be sowed early, inserted early, early harvest; Huaishan potato, pepper early species, early management, specifically: (1) Early rice selection of high yield, high resistance, early maturity of Shanyou 96, You 196, two-line hybrid rice. (2) Early rice should be sown at the end of February and early March, transplanted at the end of March, and harvested at the end of June and beginning of July. (3) Huaishan potato was planted before mid-July and peppers were planted before the beginning of September. The seedlings of pepper were 25-28 days old. 3, the land preparation and cultivation of Huai Shan potato. The yams of the yam potato are down to 100-140 cm deep, so the plant must be deep trenches, 100 cm in depth, 40 cm in width (without disturbing the tillage layer), and 180 cm in depth (including ditch) in deep trenches. Afterwards, stratify the soil and fill it to the ground. Then apply basal fertiliser, start sorghum, flatten the surface, smooth the bottom without mud, smooth drainage, not stain the water. Underneath the bottom is a deep trench that has been dug. Use a 3cm diameter iron to hold a line Hole, perpendicular to the bottom of the ditch, with a hole spacing of 12 cm (this hole is where the yam yam goes down and expands), and then covers the first layer of holes with straw, and then covers with finely-ground pieces of soil. Sign. In the hole mouth planted yam yam potato species, and then covered with fine soil, about 3200-3300 seedlings per acre, after emergence, along the side of the yam potato seedlings, distance 12 cm from the place to insert a row of potato piles, pile height 250 cm About 40 cm from the pile, so that the yam seedlings upward climbing. 4, interplanting pepper. A row of peppers was planted at a distance of 45 cm from the potato seedlings, with a spacing of 37 cm. After planting, they were sprayed with water and planted in the same direction. Each row had about 1300 seedlings per acre. Pepper seeds selected Xiangyan series pepper, Ningjiao, Maofeng pepper. 5, fertilizer and water management. (1) On the basis of grasping the word â€œearlyâ€, early rice seriously follows the standardized rice cultivation techniques. (2) Before the yam yam, the basal fertilizer should be applied to the yam potato, 100 kg of phosphorus powder and 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate. (3) Huaishan potato should be lightly fertilized in the early stage, shallow cultivator, and organic fertilizer should be applied to mature plants. Pepper should be used to stabilize the strong seedlings, and the fertilizer should be applied to the appropriate amount of imported compound fertilizer and urea during the initial flowering period to the fruiting period. Less fertilizer, more fertilizer, yellow leaves, fallen leaves, falling flowers, fruit drop. One can apply manure 500 kilograms/mu, compound fertilizer 15 kilograms/mu, and apply it to yam. (4) Apply heavy fertilizer when there is a large amount of pepper. Mushi imports compound fertilizer 25 kilograms, plus 5 kilograms of urea. Once each fruit is harvested, fertilizes once and both crops are applied simultaneously. (5) During the period of light snow, the yam potato must be re-applied with winter fertilizer. Mushi imports 25 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer. (6) After watching the snow, the potential of potato seedlings in the yam area was increased, and 10 to 15 kg of potash fertilizer and 20 kg of compound fertilizer were applied. (7) Science irrigation, see the sky, see the land irrigation, do not wet irrigation, dry ground early irrigation, rain after the rain do not irrigation, flood damage root disease, to speed irrigation, rapid row, can not be waterlogging. Depth of irrigation, the first irrigation to the depth of the ditch one third, the second irrigation to the ditch depth of two points, shall not be soaked in the surface, and compartment water, keep moist, water content of 60% is appropriate. Huaishan potato was harvested at the end of March of the second year, and then it was inserted into the early planting. After 2-3 years of Huaishan potato planting, it was no longer possible to plant a deep ditch, but only to open the hole. 6. Pest control. The yam yams mainly have locusts and hawk moths, which can be controlled by dimethoate, or chlorfenadine and trichlorfon, respectively. Heavily skin disease is solved through the rotation of drought and drought. The pests and diseases of pepper are more, but less after interplanting. They can prevent damping-off disease and blight, and they can use carbendazim, anti-virus scorpion, and white fungus spray. Prevention of anthrax can be chlorothalonil and mancozeb. The disease can be used toxic Mn-Zn. Prevention and control of aphids, tea-cervical scorpion can be used to choose to remove scorpion net, grams of scorpion, Nissorum and other pesticides. China Agricultural Network Editor

Posted on October 13, 2018