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Winter Field Management Techniques of Rape
This year, a total of 15.6 million mu of rape were planted in the province, including 14 million mu of double-low rapeseed. In terms of planting methods, transplanted area of ​​9.4 million mu, live area of ​​6.2 million mu, on the whole, the current rapeseed situation is not as good as in previous years. Mainly due to continued drought after mid-October, affecting the quality of rapeseed planting. Among them, the seeding period of live rapeseed is generally late, and the emergence is uneven, and the lack of seedlings is also very common. There are seedlings in the seeding rapeseed; the growth of transplanted rapeseed presents two extremes. On the one hand, due to drought and lack of water, transplanting period Postponed, resulting in more tall seedlings, poor transplant quality, prone to frost damage and lodging; on the Other hand, since the beginning of autumn, the temperature has been high, so that early transplanted rapeseed growth is prosperous, individual patches appear early moss phenomenon There is also the danger of freezing injury. At present, the rapeseed from the north to the south of our province is about to enter the wintering period, seize the current favorable opportunity, and take appropriate management measures against the seedling situation, which will help promote the transformation and upgrading of the seedlings. The following technical views are proposed for reference by the majority of farmers. First, sparse seedlings, make up seedlings. For live rapeseed, especially on-demand rapeseed, due to the dry weather, the seeding rate is too large, and the emergence of uneven, lack of seedlings and ridges is more common, the seedlings should pay close attention to sparse seedlings to avoid seedlings seedlings, the formation of weak seedlings. Should stay small to stay large, plant the missing seedlings in the lack of seedlings, make up with water when they are planted to promote early survival. Second, cultivator, earth. The cultivator has a variety of effects such as increasing temperature, keeping soil moisture, weeding, preventing and controlling pests, loosening the soil, and promoting root growth. Therefore, rapeseed fields should be intensively cultivated and cultivated more. In combination with the cultivator, soil cultivation is also required. In particular, the cultivation of soil for the tall seedlings should not only reduce cold damage, but also prevent lodging. Pay attention to embedding the upper part, especially the neck, in the soil. Third, topdressing wax fertilizer. Rape topdressing is mainly soil-based miscellaneous manure, generally 600-800 kilograms of human and animal manure, 5-6 kilograms of urea in mid-to-late December, combined with the last cultivator before winter to apply the fertilizer to the root of rapeseed, which can be top-dressed and then rooted. . You can also sprinkle grass ash, pouring manure, and so on. Fourth, cover antifreeze. Covering straw can prevent freezing and inhibit the growth of weeds. After straw rots, it can improve soil physical and chemical properties, increase soil fertility, and also improve the environment. For live rapeseed and late sown rapeseed, straw can also be covered. Generally, the amount of 250-300 kilograms per mu is used to evenly cover the rows of rapeseed. Straw and rape straw can all be used. Fifth, remove the early moss. Due to the high temperature this fall, early-shifting rapeseed and spring-strong varieties are prone to early-mosquito phenomenon and should be picked up as soon as possible. The picking of the moss should be done on a sunny day, picking up the growing point, inhibiting the growth of the main stem, and promoting the growth of branches. Six, chemical regulation. The rapeseed field that grows early, grows vigorously, and has a tendency to grow crops can be sprayed with paclobutrazol before wintering. In general, 100% of paclobutrazol 15% is sprayed on 40 kg of water per acre, which has the function of controlling wang and preventing freezing damage. 7. Clean up the "Three Ditches". For the well-opened "Three-Gap", clearing the ditch should be carried out, and those who have not yet ditched should quickly develop the "Three-Gorge" and make the gully accessible so that it will be beneficial to irrigation in the next year.
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