My country silkworm gene research and application have obtained new results

My country silkworm gene research and application have obtained new results

Scientists announced on December 10 that following the completion of the "Banx map" of the silkworm genome in the world last year, a series of important new results have been obtained in the study and application of silkworm functional genes in China. In November 2003, after China took the lead in completing the drawing of the “framework” of the silkworm genome in the world, the most urgent task was to analyze the biological significance of the obtained massive sequence information. Chinese scientists developed a special computer software for silkworm gene identification and identified the genes of the silkworm genome. A total of 18,510 silkworm genes were obtained, most of which were newly discovered genes. On this basis, the scientists studied in detail the relevant functional genes related to important biological traits of silkworm closely related to the sericulture industry, and made a series of important developments. The silk gland is a biological organ that synthesizes silk proteins and is the biological basis of the silk industry. Through the analysis of silkworm genome and gene expression profiles, scientists discovered 1,874 silk gland-specific genes, of which 97% were newly discovered; evidence of hormonal activity in silk glands was discovered; scientists even compared silkworms with what was known as “biosteel”. The spider spider's genetic makeup, the producers of spider silk, discovered the 107 genes they collectively possessed. According to Professor Xiang Zhonghuai, the acquisition and functional analysis of these functional genes will thoroughly break through the cloning and research bottleneck of silkworm protein synthesase-related genes, and China will soon transform the silk protein structure to overcome the weaknesses of silk natural processing. Breakthroughs have been made in the research and development of important industrial technologies. Through the analysis of the silkworm genome sequence, scientists discovered 87 neuropeptide hormones, hormone receptors, and hormone regulatory genes and identified 18 EH-sensitive receptor and receptor-type transcription factors. Through the study of the silkworm genome, scientists discovered 83 genes involved in developmental regulation, and 18 homologous sequences of wing-forming genes of other lepidopterous insects were detected in silkworm. According to Professor Xiang Zhonghuai, the host of the project, hormones and receptors, as well as development-related genes, are the key factors in determining the growth and development of silkworms. The in-depth research will be to artificially regulate the growth and development of silkworms and even change the structure of traditional industries. Silkworms are better able to serve humanity and open up new avenues. Bombyx mori is a dioecious organism, and 50% of males and females are normal. However, because female silkworms need to use nutrients to make silkworm eggs, their production efficiency is lower than that of male silkworms. The realization of male silkworm rearing in production can increase the overall efficiency of the silk industry by about 20 times. Through the analysis of the silkworm genome, scientists have acquired key genes involved in gender regulation in the silkworm sex control network, laying the foundation for clarifying the sex determination mechanism of silkworm and artificial control of gender. Humoral immune factors and wound healing, homeostasis and regulatory humoral immune stress are important components of insect immunity and defense. Through the analysis of the silkworm genome, scientists discovered 69 such genes, including 34 antibacterial genes, of which 23 were newly discovered genes. These functional genes directly related to silkworm resistance are hopes for humans to cultivate super-robust new silkworm varieties, and are new hopes for increasing the income of silkworm farmers. Professor Xia Qingyou, a key expert in the National Silkworm Genome Project and a professor at Southwest Agricultural University, said that the discovery of the above-mentioned several important functional genes will lead to the development of a number of high-level theoretical research results and important high-tech industrial technologies, and will enable the sericulture science and silk industry to emerge. Revolutionary changes.

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