Appropriate adjustment of cotton dressing period

Appropriate adjustment of cotton dressing period

At the beginning of the flowering stage, when cotton enters a period of fertility, it requires more fertilizer, more nitrogen, and higher intensity. The amount of nitrogen uptake from this time accounts for 60% of the amount of nitrogen absorbed during the entire growth period. The phosphorus and potassium needed during this period also account for More than half of the total. The principle of fertilizing high-yield cotton is to timely grasp the top-dressing management on the basis of basal fertilizer. In recent years, the development trend of cotton high-yield cultivation and management, under the conditions of systematic control, through the increase of cotton planting density to achieve high-yield approach, this high-yielding cotton production method in particular the application of outstanding. In addition, in order to ensure the continuous increase of the total output of cotton and food crops in the Yangtze River basin and cotton planting areas in North China, in recent years there has been a trend to shorten the growth period of cotton and vigorously develop summer sowing cotton. For these two new developments, there must be corresponding new measures in the management of cotton dressing. In the past, spring sowing was mainly used to emphasize the shift of topdressing (mainly referring to nitrogen fertilizer), and the goal was to strive for “three peaches”, that is, the cotton plant was a high-yield plant characterized by peach introverts, full blooms, and autumn peach tops. On topdressing, the principle of fertilizing the center of gravity of fertilizing the flower and bell fertilizer and applying top dressing fertilizer was proposed. However, the situation is different now. Under the conditions of systemic control of the contractile amines, early Shilei and Huafei have a good effect on the high yield of spring cotton, such as early enhancement of root vigor. Therefore, the use of chemical-control technology provides a guarantee for adjusting the top-dressing time. Topdressing before ridge closure in cotton fields can reduce labor and mechanical damage to cotton plants. In particular, summer sowing cotton or short-season cotton must emphasize the early application of fertilizer in the bud stage. Early emergence of cotton seedlings reduces the threat of late maturing. In short, under the premise of adopting systematic control, the basic fertilization is the main method for fertilizing cotton in the whole process, and the principle of appropriate early application of top dressing is applied. In recent years, the high-yielding model field of cotton has shown that, under conditions regulated by the use of dilute amine, appropriate early application of fertilizer is beneficial to the growth of roots and the prevention of premature aging of roots. In general, it is feasible to apply topdressing in early summer to the bud stage (4 to 5 leaves) in the topdressing stage of summer sowing cotton. It is also advisable to top-dress at the early flowering stage (having 1-2 young bells). The top-dressing or early-flowering top dressing is mainly supplemented with appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer (such as 10~15 kg/mu urea), but it is not applied in low-potassium soil, the level of effective potassium is low (such as strong sandy loam) or in base fertilizer. Potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer in the cotton field, it should also add 5 ~ 6 kg of potassium chloride, potassium recovery at this time can achieve the effect of promoting the increase of cotton age. Especially for some plots planted with insect-resistant cotton varieties, the amount of potash fertilizer is higher than that of ordinary cotton varieties to meet the need for high yields. Fertilizer application method should be mixed with fertilizer and timely irrigation, do not form urea so as to avoid causing loss of volatile or smoked cotton leaves. In production, urea is often sprinkled on the ground and rains, neither covering the soil nor timely irrigation. This method of application is unscientific. In addition, for the high-yield and super-high-yielding cotton fields, if there is a case where growth momentum weakens or automatic capping occurs in the later period of cotton bolls, urea must be added in an amount of 5 to 8 kg in order to prevent the premature death of the cotton plants from fighting for autumn peaches. The top dressing of cotton depends on local conditions. Following the characteristics of different cotton producing areas in China, the principles and recommendations for applying topdressing are put forward: The use of N and P fertilizers in Huanghuai and Haimian cotton areas is generally high, the effect of fertilizer production increase is reduced, and organic fertilizers are insufficiently used. , The lack of trace elements such as boron and zinc occur from time to time. In the top-dressing of high-yield cotton, we must master the principle of chasing the first fertilizer from flower buds to early flowering stages and the second fertilizer after flowering. In principle, the allocation of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, 20% to 45% of nitrogen fertilizer is used for top dressing; potassium fertilizer top dressing (early flowering period) is half. For weaker growing cotton fields, combine spraying 0.5% ~ 1.0% urea and 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50 ~ 75 kg / time, spray once every 7 ~ 10 days, continuous spraying 2 ~ 3 times. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, 35% to 50% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as topdressing; in the weaker cotton fields, 0.5%~1.0% urea and 0.3%~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed 50~75 kg/time. Spray once every 7-10 days, spraying 2~3 times continuously. The method of top dressing application of mulch cotton in Xinjiang cotton area is mainly characterized by the integration of water and fertilizer regulation.

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